Turabian citation style is popular in humanities. It implies using footnotes when citing references. Students may also be asked to write a bibliography page. Every time you include direct quotations or paraphrase other authors, you should indicate the used sources to avoid plagiarism. According to the rules of Turabian style, you need to add a superscript number in the text with a footnote at the bottom of the page, where readers can find more detailed information about the source. Experts at https://writers-house.com/ online writing service prepared this quick guide so that you can figure out how to use Turabian citation style in your writing.
The Bibliography Page
Below, we will consider the most common citation categories along with the information that you need to include when citing sources of different kinds. When you want to cite a source, we recommend that you follow these steps:
- Decide whether your source is a book, anthology, journal article, online source, etc.
- Collect the relevant information from the source. It may take some time, especially when dealing with online sources.
- Take a look at the examples in this article and arrange your information accordingly. Pay your attention to punctuation and other details.
- Once you’ve got all your citations done, organize them in alphabetical order and write a Bibliography page.
General Format for Books
Smith, John Ray. The Title of the Book. City: Publisher, 1997.
Works with Multiple Authors
Smith, John, Andrew Brown, George McDonald, and Emily Blake. The Title of the Book. City: Publisher, 1997.
Articles from Printed Journals
Smith, John. “The Title of the Article.” The Journal 65, no. 3 (Summer 2008): 403-5.
Articles from Magazines
Smith, John. “The Title of the Article.” The Magazine, 13 May 2017, 56.
Book Reviews in Print Journals
Smith, John. Review of The Book, by Andrew Brown. The Journal 11, no. 2 (13 May 2017): 43-44.
Websites
Smith, John. The Title of the Book. July 2006. Internet on-line. Available from <https://www.websiteaddress.com>. [6 June 2006].
Online Databases
Smith, John. “The Title of the Article.” The Title of the Journal, Edition, 14 May 2016, Section 1 (Features), 41. Database on-line. Available from <https://www.websiteaddress.com>. [6 June 2006].
ERIC Documents
Smith, John. The Title of the Document. Washington, D.C.: Publisher, 2018. ERIC, ED 7679384.
Footnotes
Footnotes are different from the Bibliography page:
- You shouldn’t indent subsequent lines.
- All the entries must be numbered.
- Sort the entries in the order they are referenced in the paper, not alphabetically.
- Include the author’s first name, followed by the last name.
- Publication city and publisher must be written in parentheses.
- Include specific pages cited from the source.
Basic Format for Quotes, Summaries, and Paraphrases
John Smith, The Title of the Book, 2d ed. rev. (City: Publisher, 2006), 31.
Subsequent Reference to the Same Source
Smith, The Shortened Title, 33.
Works with Multiple Authors
Two or three authors:
John Smith and Andrew Brown: The Title of the Book. (City: Publisher, 2006), 31.
Four or more authors:
John Smith and others, eds., The Title of the Book. (City: Publisher, 2006), 31.
Articles from Journals
John P. Smith, “The Title of the Article,” The Title of the Journal 9, no.3 (2017): 83, 100-101.
Articles from Magazines
John P. Smith, “The Title of the Article,” The Title of the Magazine, 19 September 2013, 43.
Book Reviews from Journals
John Smith, review of The Book, by Andrew P. Brown, The Title of the Journal 61 (September 2012): 562.
Published Interviews
John P. Smith, “The Title of the Interview,” interview by Andrew Brown (Publisher, 4 April 2014), The Title of the Publication, nos. 68-70 (fall 2013 – winter 2014): 245.
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